{"id":5769,"date":"2024-04-15T16:56:40","date_gmt":"2024-04-15T08:56:40","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zyg.luchers.cn\/?p=5769"},"modified":"2024-04-15T16:56:40","modified_gmt":"2024-04-15T08:56:40","slug":"%e7%ac%ac%e4%b8%80%e7%ab%a0%e3%80%81%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e5%ba%93%e7%bb%aa%e8%ae%ba","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/zyg.luchers.cn\/index.php\/2024\/04\/15\/%e7%ac%ac%e4%b8%80%e7%ab%a0%e3%80%81%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e5%ba%93%e7%bb%aa%e8%ae%ba\/","title":{"rendered":"\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7eea\u8bba"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\u3001\u7eea\u8bba<\/h1>\n

1.1\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7cfb\u7edf\u6982\u8ff0<\/h2>\n

1.1.1\u3001\u6570\u636e\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7cfb\u7edf<\/h3>\n

1\u3001\u6570\u636e<\/h4>\n

1\u3001\u6570\u636e\u662f\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5bf9\u8c61<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1a\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u7b26\u53f7\u8bb0\u5f55\u79f0\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u3002\u7b26\u53f7\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u6570\u5b57\u3001\u96ef\u96ef\u5b50\u3001\u56fe\u5f62\u3001\u56fe\u50cf\u3001\u58f0\u97f3\u3001\u8bed\u8a00\u7b49\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u6570\u5b57\u5316\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b58\u5165\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff08DataBase\uff0c\u7b80\u79f0DB\uff09<\/h4>\n

1\u3001\u662f\u957f\u671f\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5185\u3001\u6709\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u3001\u53ef\u5171\u4eab\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u7684\u96c6\u5408<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5177\u6709\u6c38\u4e45\u5b58\u50a8\u3001\u6709\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3001\u53ef\u5171\u4eab\u4e09\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u7279\u70b9<\/strong><\/p>\n

3\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08DataBase Management System DBMS\uff09<\/h4>\n

1\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e3b\u8981\u529f\u80fd\u5305\u62ec<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4ed3\u5e93\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\uff08\u7ba1\u7406\u6570\u636e\uff09<\/p>\n

1\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5b9a\u4e49\u529f\u80fd<\/h5>\n

1\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5b9a\u4e49\u8bed\u8a00\uff08Data Definition Language, DDL)<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u7528\u6237\u901a\u8fc7\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5bf9\u8c61\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9a\u4e49<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u6570\u636e\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3001\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u7ba1\u7406<\/h5>\n

1\u3001\u8981\u5206\u7c7b\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3001\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u5404\u79cd\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6570\u636e\u5b57\u5178\u3001\u7528\u6237\u6570\u636e\u3001\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u8def\u5f84<\/p>\n

3\u3001\u6570\u636e\u7684\u64cd\u7eb5\u529f\u80fd<\/h5>\n

1\u3001\u6570\u636e\u64cd\u7eb5\u8bed\u8a00\uff08Data Manipulation Language DML)<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528DML\u64cd\u7eb5\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff08\u589e\u5220\u6539\u67e5\uff09<\/p>\n

4\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u4e8b\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u8fd0\u884c\u7ba1\u7406<\/h5>\n

1\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u5efa\u7acb\u3001\u8fd0\u7528\u3001\u7ef4\u62a4\u6709\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u7edf\u4e00\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u63a7\u5236<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u7528\u6765\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3001\u5b8c\u6574\u6027<\/p>\n

3\u3001\u591a\u7528\u6237\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5e76\u53d1<\/p>\n

4\u3001\u53d1\u751f\u6545\u969c\u540e\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u6062\u590d<\/p>\n

5\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u5efa\u7acb\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u529f\u80fd<\/h5>\n

1\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u521d\u59cb\u6570\u636e\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u3001\u8f6c\u6362\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u8f6c\u50a8\u3001\u6062\u590d<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u91cd\u7ec4\u7ec7\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u76d1\u89c6\u3001\u5206\u6790\u529f\u80fd<\/p>\n

4\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08DataBase System\uff0cDBS\uff09<\/h4>\n

1\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e00\u822c\u7531\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08\u53ca\u5176\u5f00\u53d1\u5de5\u5177\uff09\u3001\u5e94\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u6784\u6210<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u56fe\u4f8b<\/p>\n

\"image-20230815205203006\"<\/div><\/p>\n

1.1.2\u3001\u6570\u636e\u7ba1\u7406\u6280\u672f\u7684\u4ea7\u751f\u548c\u53d1\u5c55<\/h3>\n

1\u3001\u6570\u636e\u7ba1\u7406\u6280\u672f\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\uff1a\u4eba\u5de5\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e09\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5<\/p>\n

1\u3001\u4eba\u5de5\u7ba1\u7406\u9636\u6bb5<\/h4>\n

1\u3001\u7279\u70b9<\/h5>\n

1\u3001\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u4fdd\u5b58<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ba1\u7406\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n

3\u3001\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u5171\u4eab<\/p>\n

4\u3001\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u5177\u6709\u72ec\u7acb\u6027<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u7f3a\u70b9<\/h5>\n

1\u3001 \u6570\u636e\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u7ed3\u6784\u6216\u8005\u7269\u7406\u7ed3\u6784\u53d1\u751f\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u5e8f\u5217\u5fc5\u987b\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u52a0\u91cd\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u8d1f\u62c5<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u9636\u6bb5<\/h4>\n

1\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7279\u70b9<\/p>\n

1\u3001\u7279\u70b9<\/h5>\n

1\u3001\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u4ee5\u957f\u671f\u4fdd\u5b58<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u7531\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u7f3a\u70b9<\/h5>\n

1\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5171\u4eab\u6027\u5dee\u3001\u5197\u4f59\u5ea6\u5927<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u6570\u636e\u72ec\u7acb\u6027\u5dee<\/p>\n

3\u3001\u6570\u636e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e4b\u95f4\u6ca1\u6709\u8054\u7cfb<\/p>\n

3\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7cfb\u7edf\u9636\u6bb5<\/h4>\n

1\u3001\u7279\u70b9<\/h5>\n

1\u3001\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u5316<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5171\u4eab\u6027\u9ad8\uff0c\u5197\u4f59\u5ea6\u4f4e\uff0c\u6613\u6269\u5145<\/p>\n

3\u3001\u6570\u636e\u72ec\u7acb\u6027\u9ad8<\/p>\n

4\u3001\u6570\u636e\u7531DBMS\u7edf\u4e00\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u63a7\u5236<\/p>\n

1.2\u3001\u6570\u636e\u6a21\u578b<\/h2>\n

1\u3001\u6570\u636e\u6a21\u578b\uff08Data Model\uff09\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u662f\u5bf9\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u6570\u636e\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u62bd\u8c61\u3002\u5c31\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u6a21\u62df<\/p>\n

1.2.1\u3001\u4e24\u7c7b\u6570\u636e\u6a21\u578b<\/h3>\n

1\u3001\u6570\u636e\u6a21\u578b\u5e94\u8be5\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e09\u65b9\u9762\u8981\u6c42<\/h4>\n

1\u3001\u771f\u5b9e\u4f4e\u6a21\u62df\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u5bb9\u6613\u4e3a\u4eba\u6240\u7406\u89e3<\/p>\n

3\u3001\u4fbf\u4e8e\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e0a\u5b9e\u73b0<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u7b2c\u4e00\u7c7b\uff1a\u6982\u5ff5\u6a21\u578b\uff08Conceptual Model\uff09<\/h4>\n

1\u3001\u6982\u5ff5\u6a21\u578b\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e3a\u4fe1\u606f\u6a21\u578b<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u5b83\u662f\u6309\u7528\u6237\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u6765\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u548c\u4fe1\u606f\u5efa\u6a21\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/p>\n

3\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7c7b\uff1a\u903b\u8f91\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u7269\u7406\u6a21\u578b<\/h4>\n

1\u3001\u903b\u8f91\u6a21\u578b<\/h5>\n

1\u3001\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u5c42\u6b21\u6a21\u578b\uff08Hierarchical Model\uff09\u3001\u7f51\u72b6\u6a21\u578b\uff08Network Model\uff09\u3001\u5173\u7cfb\u6a21\u578b\uff08Relational Model\uff09\u3001\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u6a21\u578b\uff08Object Oriented Model\uff09\u548c\u5bf9\u8c61\u5173\u7cfb\u6a21\u578b\uff08Object Relational Model\uff09\u7b49<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u662f\u6309\u7167\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u5efa\u6a21\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8eDBMS<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u7269\u7406\u91cf\u6a21\u578b<\/h5>\n

1\u3001\u662f\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u6700\u5e95\u5c42\u7684\u62bd\u8c61\uff0c\u63cf\u8ff0\u6570\u636e\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u8868\u793a\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u5b58\u53d6\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5728\u78c1\u76d8\u6216\u78c1\u5e26\u4e0a\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c\u5b58\u53d6\u65b9\u5f0f<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u662f\u9762\u5411\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684<\/p>\n

1.2.2\u3001\u6570\u636e\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u8981\u7d20<\/h3>\n

1\u6570\u636e\u6a21\u578b\u7531\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u6570\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\u548c\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u7ea6\u675f\u4e09\u90e8\u5206\u7ec4\u6210<\/p>\n

1\u3001\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784<\/h4>\n

1\u3001\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u63cf\u8ff0\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u5bf9\u8c61\u548c\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8054\u7cfb<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u6240\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u96c6\u5408<\/p>\n

3\u3001\u662f\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u9759\u6001\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u6570\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h4>\n

1\u3001\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u67e5\u8be2\u3001\u66f4\u65b0\u64cd\u4f5c\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u63d2\u5165\u3001\u5220\u9664\u3001\u4fee\u6539\uff09\u4e24\u5927\u7c7b<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u662f\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u52a8\u6001\u7279\u6027\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0<\/p>\n

3\u3001\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u7ea6\u675f\u6761\u4ef6<\/h4>\n

1\u3001\u662f\u4e00\u7ec4\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u7684\u89c4\u5219<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a\u5728\u5173\u7cfb\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u5173\u7cfb\u5fc5\u987b\u6ee1\u8db3\u5b9e\u4f53\u5b8c\u6574\u6027<\/strong>\u548c\u53c2\u7167\u5b8c\u6574\u6027<\/p>\n

1.2.3\u3001\u6982\u5ff5\u6a21\u578b<\/h3>\n

\u6982\u5ff5\u6a21\u578b\u662f\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u5230\u673a\u5668\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u95f4\u5c42\u6b21<\/p>\n

1\u3001\u8868\u73b0<\/h4>\n

1\u3001\u6982\u5ff5\u6a21\u578b\u7528\u4e8e\u4fe1\u606f\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5efa\u6a21<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u5230\u4fe1\u606f\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u5c42\u62bd\u8c61<\/p>\n

3\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4eba\u5458\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u6709\u529b\u5de5\u5177<\/p>\n

4\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4eba\u5458\u548c\u7528\u6237\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u6d41\u7684\u8bed\u8a00<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u6982\u5ff5\u6a21\u578b\u8981\u6c42<\/h4>\n

1\u3001\u5177\u6709\u8f83\u5f3a\u7684\u8bed\u4e49\u8868\u8fbe\u80fd\u529b<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u80fd\u591f\u65b9\u4fbf\u3001\u76f4\u63a5\u5730\u8868\u8fbe\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u8bed\u4e49\u53ea\u662f<\/p>\n

3\u3001\u7b80\u5355\u3001\u6e05\u6670\u3001\u6613\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\u7528\u6237<\/p>\n

3\u3001\u4fe1\u606f\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5<\/h4>\n

1\u3001\u5b9e\u4f53\uff08Entity\uff09<\/h5>\n

1\u3001\u5ba2\u89c2\u5b58\u5728\u5e76\u53ef\u4e92\u76f8\u533a\u522b\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\u79f0\u4e3a\u5b9e\u4f53<\/strong>\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4eba\u3001\u4e8b\u3001\u7269\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u62bd\u8c61\u6982\u5ff5<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u5c5e\u6027\uff08Attribute\uff09<\/h5>\n

1\u3001\u5b9e\u4f53\u5177\u6709\u7684\u67d0\u4e00\u7279\u6027\u79f0\u4e3a\u5c5e\u6027<\/p>\n

3\u3001\u7801\uff08key\uff09<\/h5>\n

1\u3001\u552f\u4e00\u6807\u8bc6\u5b9e\u4f53\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u96c6\u79f0\u4e3a\u7801<\/p>\n

4\u3001\u57df\uff08Domain\uff09<\/h5>\n

1\u3001\u662f\u4e00\u7ec4\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u503c\u7684\u96c6\u5408<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u53d6\u503c\u8303\u56f4\u6765\u81ea\u67d0\u4e2a\u57df<\/p>\n

5\u3001\u5b9e\u4f53\u578b\uff08Entity Type\uff09<\/h5>\n

1\u3001\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53\u5fc5\u7136\u5177\u6709\u5171\u540c\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u548c\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u7528\u5b9e\u4f53\u540d\u53ca\u5176\u5c5e\u6027\u540d\u96c6\u5408\u6765\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u540c\u7c7b\u5b9e\u4f53\u578b<\/p>\n

6\u3001\u5b9e\u4f53\u96c6\uff08Entity Set\uff09<\/h5>\n

1\u3001\u540c\u4e00\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u96c6\u5408\u79f0\u4e3a\u5b9e\u4f53\u96c6<\/p>\n

7\u3001\u8054\u7cfb\uff08Relationship\uff09<\/h5>\n

1\u3001\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e8b\u7269\u5185\u90e8\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e8b\u7269\u4e4b\u95f4\u662f\u6709\u8054\u7cfb\u7684<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u5728\u4fe1\u606f\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u53cd\u6620\u4e3a\u5b9e\u4f53\uff08\u578b\uff09\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u548c\u5b9e\u4f53\uff08\u578b\uff09\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8054\u7cfb<\/p>\n

3\u3001\u5b9e\u4f53\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\uff1a\u7ec4\u6210\u5b9e\u4f53\u7684\u5404\u5c5e\u6027\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u73ed\u957f\u548c\u5b66\u751f\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53\u96c6\uff09<\/p>\n

4\u3001\u5b9e\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\uff1a\u662f\u6307\u4e0d\u540c\u5b9e\u4f53\u96c6\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u73ed\u4e3b\u4efb\u548c\u73ed\u957f\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u5b9e\u4f53\u96c6\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u5173\u7cfb\uff09<\/p>\n

4\u3001\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f53\u578b\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8054\u7cfb<\/h4>\n

1\u3001\u4e00\u5bf9\u4e00\u8054\u7cfb\uff081:1\uff09<\/h5>\n

1\u3001\u5b9e\u4f53\u96c6A\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f53\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u4e2a\u5728\u5b9e\u4f53\u96c6B\u4e2d\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u73ed\u957f\u548c\u73ed\u7ea7\u7684\u5173\u7cfb<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u4e00\u5bf9\u591a\u8054\u7cfb\uff081\uff1an\uff09<\/h5>\n

1\u3001\u5b9e\u4f53\u96c6A\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f53\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94\u5b9e\u4f53\u96c6B\u4e2d\u7684n\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f53<\/p>\n

3\u3001\u591a\u5bf9\u591a\u8054\u7cfb\uff08m\uff1an\uff09<\/h5>\n

1\u3001\u5b9e\u4f53\u96c6A\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f53\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94\u5b9e\u4f53\u96c6B\u7684n\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f53\uff0c\u53cd\u4e4b\u5b9e\u4f53\u96c6B\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f53\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94\u5b9e\u4f53\u96c6A\u4e2d\u7684m\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f53<\/p>\n

5\u3001\u4e24\u4e2a\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53\u578b\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8054\u7cfb<\/h4>\n

1\u3001\u4e24\u4e2a\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53\u578b \u4e4b\u95f4\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u4e00\u5bf9\u4e00\u3001\u4e00\u5bf9\u591a\u3001\u591a\u5bf9\u591a\u8054\u7cfb<\/h5>\n

\"image-20230815224017830\"<\/div><\/p>\n

6\u3001\u5355\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f53\u578b\u5185\u7684\u8054\u7cfb<\/h4>\n

1\u3001\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f53\u96c6\u7684\u5404\u5b9e\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u5bf9\u4e00\u3001\u4e00\u5bf9\u591a\u3001\u591a\u5bf9\u591a\u7684\u8054\u7cfb<\/p>\n

7\u3001\u529f\u80fd\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u8868\u8fbe\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a\u5b9e\u4f53\u2014\u8054\u7cfb\u56fe\uff08E\u2014R\u56fe\uff09<\/h4>\n

<\/h5>\n

E-R\u56fe\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8868\u793a\u5b9e\u4f53\u578b\u3001\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u8054\u7cfb\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f<\/p>\n

1\u3001\u5185\u5bb9<\/h5>\n
2\u3001\u5b9e\u4f53\u578b<\/h5>\n

\u7528\u77e9\u5f62\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u77e9\u5f62\u6846\u5185\u5199\u660e\u5b9e\u4f53\u540d<\/p>\n

3\u3001\u5c5e\u6027<\/h5>\n

\u7528\u692d\u5706\u5f62\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5e76\u7528\u65e0\u5411\u8fb9\u5c06\u5176\u4e0e\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53\u884c\u8fde\u63a5\u8d77\u6765<\/p>\n

1\u3001\u4f8b\u5b50<\/p>\n

\"image-20230815225158270\"<\/div><\/p>\n

1\u3001\u4e0e\u65b9\u5411\u65e0\u5173<\/p>\n

4\u3001\u8054\u7cfb<\/h5>\n

1\u3001\u7528\u83f1\u5f62\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u83f1\u5f62\u6846\u5185\u5199\u660e\u8054\u7cfb\u540d\uff0c\u5e76\u7528\u65e0\u5411\u8fb9\u5206\u522b\u4e8e\u6709\u5173\u5b9e\u4f53\u578b\u94fe\u63a5\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5728\u65e0\u5411\u8fb9\u65c1\u6807\u4e0a\u8054\u7cfb\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff081:1:1\uff1a\u6216n\uff1am\uff09<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8054\u7cfb\u5177\u6709\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u5219\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5c5e\u6027\u4e5f\u8981\u7528\u65e0\u5411\u8fb9\u4e0e\u8be5\u8054\u7cfb\u8fde\u63a5\u8d77\u6765<\/p>\n

3\u3001\u4f8b\u5b50<\/p>\n

\"image-20230815225832931\"<\/div><\/p>\n
5\u3001\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/h5>\n

\"image-20230815230412357\"<\/div><\/p>\n

1\u3001\u7b54\u6848<\/p>\n

\"image-20230816200858368\"<\/div><\/p>\n

1.2.4\u3001\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6a21\u578b<\/h3>\n

1\u3001\u903b\u8f91\u6a21\u578b\u6709\uff1a\u5c42\u6b21\u6a21\u578b\uff08Hierarchical Model\uff09\u3001\u7f51\u72b6\u6a21\u578b\uff08Network Model\uff09\u3001\u5173\u7cfb\u6a21\u578b\uff08Relational Model\uff09\u3001\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u6a21\u578b\uff08Object Oriented Model)\u3001\u5bf9\u8c61\u5173\u7cfb\u6a21\u578b\uff08Object Relational Model\uff09<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u5c42\u6b21\u6a21\u578b\uff1a\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u6811<\/p>\n

3\u3001\u7f51\u72b6\u6a21\u578b\uff1a\u56fe\u3001\u5de5\u7a0b\u56fe\u7ec4\u6210<\/p>\n

4\u3001\u5173\u7cfb\u6a21\u578b\uff08\u91cd\u70b9\uff09\uff1a\u4e8c\u7ef4\u8868\u3001\u77e9\u9635\uff09<\/p>\n

1.2.5\u3001\u5173\u7cfb\u6a21\u578b<\/h3>\n

1\u3001\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u636e\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784<\/h4>\n

1\u3001\u5173\u7cfb\uff08Relational\uff09<\/h5>\n

1\u3001\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u7cfb\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u5f20\u8868<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u5143\u7ec4\uff08Tuple\uff09<\/h5>\n

1\u3001\u5c31\u662f\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u884c<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u5c5e\u6027\uff08Attribute)<\/h5>\n

1\u3001\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u5217<\/p>\n

3\u3001\u7801\uff08Key\uff09<\/h5>\n

1\u3001\u7801\u952e\uff0c\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\u7ec4\uff0c\u552f\u4e00\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7ec4\uff08\u7c7b\u4f3c\u8eab\u4efd\u8bc1\uff09<\/p>\n

4\u3001\u57df\uff08Domain\uff09<\/h5>\n

1\u3001\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u53d6\u503c\u8303\u56f4<\/p>\n

5\u3001\u5206\u91cf<\/h5>\n

1\u3001\u5143\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\u503c<\/p>\n

6\u3001\u5173\u7cfb\u6a21\u5f0f<\/h5>\n

1\u3001\u5bf9\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c1\u5bf91\u3002\u3002\u3002\u7b49<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u636e\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u64cd\u7eb5\u4e0e\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u7ea6\u675f<\/h4>\n

1\u3001\u5185\u5bb9<\/h5>\n

1\u3001\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u67e5\u8be2\u3001\u63d2\u5165\u3001\u5220\u9664\u3001\u66f4\u65b0<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u4ee5\u4e0a\u64cd\u4f5c\u5fc5\u987b\u6ee1\u8db3\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u7ea6\u675f\u6761\u4ef6<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u7ea6\u675f\u6761\u4ef6\u5305\u62ec\u4e09\u5927\u7c7b<\/h5>\n

1\u3001\u5b9e\u4f53\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\uff1a\u5b9e\u4f53\u4e0d\u80fd\u6709\u6b67\u4e49<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u53c2\u7167\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\uff1a\u5b9e\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4\u8981\u6709\u53ef\u6bd4\u548c\u53c2\u7167<\/p>\n

3\u3001\u7528\u6237\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\uff1a<\/p>\n

3\u3001\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u636e\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u4f18\u70b9<\/h4>\n

1\u3001\u5173\u7cfb\u6a21\u578b\u4e0e\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u6a21\u578b\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u5173\u7cfb\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u5355\u4e00<\/p>\n

3\u3001\u5b58\u53d6\u8def\u5f84\u5bf9\u7528\u6237\u900f\u660e\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u6570\u636e\u72ec\u7acb\u6027<\/p>\n

4\u3001\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u4fdd\u5bc6\u6027<\/p>\n

5\u3001\u7b80\u5316\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u5efa\u7acb\u5de5\u4f5c <\/p>\n

1.3\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ed3\u6784<\/h2>\n

1.3.1\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7cfb\u7edf\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u6982\u5ff5<\/h3>\n

1\u3001\u6a21\u5f0f\uff08Schema\uff09\u662f\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u5168\u4f53\u6570\u636e\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/p>\n

1.3.2\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e09\u7ea7\u6a21\u5f0f\u7ed3\u6784<\/h3>\n

1\u3001\u662f\u6307\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7cfb\u7edf\u7531\u5916\u6a21\u5f0f\u3001\u6a21\u5f0f\u3001\u548c\u5185\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e09\u7ea7\u6784\u6210<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u5916\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a\u662f\u6839\u636e\u7528\u6237\u9700\u6c42\u5c55\u793a\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5c55\u793a\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8868\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u80fd\u88ab\u67e5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e5f\u77e5\u9053\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\uff08\u4e00\u822c\u662f\u77e9\u9635\uff09<\/p>\n

3\u3001\u5185\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a\u662f\u6307\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u786c\u76d8\u4e0a\u7684<\/p>\n

4\u3001\u56fe\u793a<\/p>\n

\"image-20230816203904361\"<\/div><\/p>\n

1\u3001\u6ce8\u610f<\/h4>\n

1\u3001\u5916\u6a21\u5f0f\u662f\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u5b50\u96c6\u3001\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u5916\u6a21\u5f0f<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5916\u6a21\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ea\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u5916\u6a21\u5f0f<\/p>\n

3\u3001\u5916\u6a21\u5f0f\u662f\u4fdd\u969c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u6709\u529b\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u662f\u6709\u6743\u9650\u7684<\/p>\n

1.3.3\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u4e8c\u7ea7\u6620\u50cf\u529f\u80fd\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u72ec\u7acb\u6027<\/h3>\n

1\u3001\u6a21\u5f0f\u6620\u50cf\uff1a\u662f\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8f6c\u6362<\/p>\n

1.4\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7ec4\u6210<\/h2>\n

1\u3001\u4e00\u822c\u7531\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08\u53ca\u5176\u5f00\u623f\u5de5\u5177\uff09\u3001\u5e94\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ba1\u7406\uff08\u4eba\uff09<\/p>\n

1.4.1\u3001\u786c\u4ef6\u5e73\u53f0\u53ca\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/h3>\n

1\u3001\u786c\u4ef6\u8d44\u6e90\u8981\u6c42<\/h4>\n

1\u3001\u8db3\u591f\u5927\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u3001\u5b58\u653e\u5b58\u50a8\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001DBMS\u6838\u5fc3\u6a21\u5757\u6570\u636e\u7f13\u51b2\u5668\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\uff08\u5b58\u50a8\u7a7a\u95f4\uff09<\/p>\n

3\u3001\u8981\u6c42\u7cfb\u7edf\u6709\u8f83\u9ad8 \u901a\u9053\u80fd\u529b\u3001\u63d0\u9ad8\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4f20\u8f93\u7387<\/p>\n

1.4.2\u3001\u8f6f\u4ef6<\/h3>\n

1\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec<\/h4>\n

1\u3001DBMS\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5efa\u7acb\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u7ef4\u62a4\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u9700\u8981\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf<\/p>\n

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